Intrascleral haptic fixation of intraocular lens fixation by Yamane's technique is a popular technique of scleral fixation of intraocular lens (IOL). We herein describe two eyes of two patients with cyclodialysis cleft formation as a complication of Yamane's technique and its subsequent management.

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Perifoveal exudative vascular anomalous complex is an unilateral, isolated, perifoveal aneurysm with adjacent exudative maculopathy. It has been hypothesized to develop due to progressive endothelial injury leading to aneurysmal changes. Usually, it is unresponsive to routinely used anti-VEGF agents. We present a case of a 33-year-old woman presented with PEVAC who was treated with a thermal focal laser. Complete resolution of PEVAC and improvement in BCVA was noted.

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A 58-year-female with a history of chronic kidney disease presented with defective vision in both the eyes (BE). Her vision was 20/120 in the right eye (RE) and 20/200 in the left eye (LE). Fundus evaluation revealed retinal arteriolar calcification, neovascularization of the disc (NVD), and drusen at the posterior pole in BE. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) images passing through the retinal arterioles indicated hyper reflective structures with back shadowing suggestive of intravascular calcification. En-face OCT angiography images over the optic discs were suggestive of NVD in BE. Blood investigation revealed elevated levels of phosphate and the product of calcium and phosphate levels. The patient was treated with pan-retinal photocoagulation in BE. However, the visual outcome was poor.

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Keratitis–ichthyosis–deafness (KID) syndrome is a rare hereditary disorder caused by the gene GJB2 encoding connexin 26. Patients present the characteristic clinical triad of congenital bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, keratitis, and ichthyosis. Ocular manifestations are corneal neovascularization and severe Meibomian dysfunction associated with hyperkeratotic lid border. Treatments with ocular lubricants, autologous serum, tetracycline, and anti-inflammatory agents have been described. New therapies such as retinoids, gas-permeable contact lenses, or antiangiogenic agents may be indicated. However, sometimes surgical options such as keratoplasty and keratoprosthesis are needed. We report two cases of KID syndrome with different ocular manifestations and management.

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While mucocele of the lacrimal sac typical presents as a medial canthal lesion located below the medial canthal tendon, there may be an occasional simulating clinical condition. We present a 17-year-old patient with epiphora who had an orbital venous malformation masquerading as a lacrimal mucocele.

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Peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome (PPS) is a novel variant in the pachychoroid disease spectrum in which pachychoroid features are more prominent around the optic nerve head and are associated with intraretinal and/or subretinal fluid. The choroidal thickness in PPS is characterized by its atypical distribution with nasal macular choroid being thicker than the temporal counterpart. There are a few case reports of PPS in the literature that describe the morphological features of PPS but the management protocols are yet to be established. We hereby describe the clinical course of a 54-year-old gentleman who came to us with complaints of a gradual decrease in vision. On basis of multimodal imaging, a diagnosis of PPS was made. Since the patient was symptomatic, he was treated with intravitreal aflibercept which showed a favorable anatomical and functional outcome.

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Inferior rectus aplasia is a rare cause of apparent inferior rectus palsy presenting as upward deviation of eye since birth. An ideal procedure to manage these cases should correct the deviation in primary gaze and improve motility of the eye. It has been managed in the past by full or partial tendon transplantation of horizontal recti muscles which poses a risk of anterior segment ischemia and is usually done in a staged manner. We report a case of inferior rectus aplasia confirmed preoperatively by imaging and successfully managed by a no split, no tenotomy method done in a single stage.

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A 62 yearold male had a primary failed descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) following an eventful DSAEK surgery and was kept on long-term topical steroid in a tapering dosage. 5 months later, the turgid host cornea developed a pearly white crystalline anterior stromal infiltrate suggestive of infectious crystalline keratopathy (ICK). Gram stain smear revealed gram-positive, round to oval, large, budding cells which exhibit blue-white florescence with calcofluor white stain. Species level identification as Candida parapsilosis, in addition to the antifungal sensitivity, was aided by a yeast reagent card on VITEK 2 compact automated microbiology system. Based of antifungal sensitivity report, the patient was treated with both oral fluconazole and topical antifungals and responded to the management. Clinical diagnosis of ICK with a mandatory microbiological workup is prudent for a successful outcome.

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High levels of iron may be toxic and cause various pathologies in the human body, including the eye. Studies have shown increased iron concentration in certain subtypes of senile cataracts. High serum levels of its non-reactive depot form, ferritin, has also been associated with juvenile cataracts in hereditary hyperferritinemia-cataract syndrome. Whereas this form of hyperferritinemia is inherited, there is no report on cataract formation in iatrogenic hyperferritinemia. Herein, we report a 43-year-old case who was diagnosed with bilateral cataracts a few years after she received intensive intravenous iron replacement therapy for severe iron deficiency anemia.

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Micropulse–transscleral–cyclophotocoagulation [MPTSCPC] delivered with the G6 laser system is one of the newer laser systems which purports greater safety without compromising efficiency in the reduction of intraocular pressure. This is due to the pulsed nature of the delivery of the laser in on and off cycles. We report the initial results of the laser used at low energy levels in consecutive Indian eyes [n = 8] with advanced or end-stage glaucoma, in one session. Three representative cases are described in this case series.

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Valved Glaucoma Drainage Devices like Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) are prone to bleb encapsulation around the endplate with subsequent uncontrolled intraocular pressure. Aqueous suppression may or may not lead to resolution and the valve may eventually fail. We report the management in a series of 3 eyes of 3 patients who had failed AGV surgery and after receiving transscleral diode cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) treatment, presented with hypotony and decreased vision.

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Transposition of lateral rectus to medial rectus, though an alluring and effective method in managing complete third nerve palsy, is not without its complications. We report a rare but known complication of choroidal effusion with neurosensory detachment after medial transposition of Y split lateral rectus, in a case of posttraumatic complete third nerve palsy with aberrant regeneration. This led to a severe drop in visual acuity which did not resolve spontaneously and was managed by release of the scleral suture and topical, intravenous, and oral steroids subsequently leading to its complete resolution and restoration of visual acuity.

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Approximately 60%–90% of the isolated aniridia (IA) in India is reported to be sporadic (simplex) in nature, with much lesser contribution by autosomal dominant inheritance. The Indian genomic profile for IA indicates the commonest mutations to be single nucleotide variations in PAX6, whereas copy number variants, especially deletions, are rare. Deletions involving PAX6 along with another gene are even rarer. Our paper highlights an unreported Indian scenario of prenatal genetic counseling for sporadic IA due to PAX6 and ELP4 exon deletions and expands the mutation spectrum associated with IA in India.

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Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that is frequently associated with extra-intestinal manifestations. Ocular manifestations generally include episcleritis, scleritis, and anterior uveitis. Vision-threatening complications like retinal vascular occlusions and retinal vasculitis have been anecdotally reported in these patients. We present a case of ulcerative colitis who presented with bilateral occlusive retinal vasculitis and retinal neovascularization, 10 years after being diagnosed with the disease. She was successfully managed with oral immunosuppressive agents and scatter laser photocoagulation. This case highlights the importance of ophthalmic examination in patients with ulcerative colitis, which is considered to be infrequently associated with ocular manifestations.

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A 36-year-old male suffered a traumatic open globe injury to his right eye resulting in phthisis. One year later, he developed a sudden progressive decrease in vision in the fellow (left) eye. Examination revealed arteriolar attenuation, multifocal deep subretinal infiltration, retinal edema, and necrosis. The patient underwent diagnostic vitrectomy in the left eye, and diagnostic enucleation of the phthisical right eye after suboptimal response to intravenous corticosteroid, antiviral, and antibiotic therapy. Detailed immuno-histopathological evaluation revealed extensive retinal disorganization with photoreceptor loss, perivascular infiltration, Dalen-Fuchs nodules, and granulomatous inflammation with central necrosis and melanin pigment, suggestive of a rare variant of sympathetic ophthalmia.

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Rubella is a viral disease that affects human particularly pregnant females and causes transplacental spread to affect the fetus in utero. Congenital rubella in a child can manifest from mild to severe involvement. We report a case of a young boy with bilateral blindness and sensorineural deafness. Enucleated eye revealed the evidence of rubella eye disease. TORCH titer showed increase of IgG antibody in the serum. An extensive systemic examination and investigations by physician did not show any other signs of extended rubella syndrome.

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